Exoplanets

NASA's Pegasus barge, carrying the Roman Space Telescope in a white shipping container, moored at the Launch Complex 39 turn basin with the Vehicle Assembly Building behind it

Space news

The Roman Space Telescope launches August 30 — a survey machine, not a telescope you point

NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope reached Kennedy Space Center on June 21, arriving by barge at the Launch Complex 39 turn basin, the same channel that once floated Saturn V and Shuttle hardware to the pad. It’s now in the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility being prepped for a Falcon Heavy launch no earlier than August 30, roughly eight months ahead of its original schedule. That last detail is rare enough for a flagship NASA mission to deserve its own headline. ...

Space science

JWST found methane on a Saturn-sized world with Earth-like temperatures

TOI-199b sits about 330 light-years from Earth, orbits a Sun-like star every 105 days, and holds an equilibrium temperature of roughly 352 K (79°C). That’s warm by terrestrial standards but downright mild for an exoplanet, where “hot Jupiter” atmospheres regularly top 1,500 K. A team led by Aaron Bello-Arufe at Penn State pointed JWST at a single transit of this world and pulled methane out of its atmosphere, making TOI-199b the first temperate giant exoplanet whose atmospheric composition has been directly measured. ...

AI-generated illustration — a star field with translucent rings around several stars representing exoplanet transit signals

AI × astronomy

RAVEN found 118 planets in NASA's TESS data — here's how the algorithm works

A team at the University of Warwick pointed a machine-learning pipeline at four years of NASA TESS full-frame images — 2.2 million stars — and pulled out 118 validated planets, roughly 1,000 new candidates, and the first direct measurement of how scarce Neptune-sized worlds are in tight orbits. The pipeline is called RAVEN (RAnking and Validation of ExoplaNets), and the paper landed in MNRAS this spring. I spend most of my telescope time on deep-sky imaging from my balcony in Nicosia, but I follow the exoplanet pipeline papers closely because they sit exactly at the intersection I care about: where does the ML end and the astrophysics begin? RAVEN is a clean case study. ...